22 ON THE EFFECT OF THE INTERNAL FRICTION OF FLUIDS
The observation of n and n^ or else the observation of n and of the decrement of the arc of oscillation, would enable us to determine ft and thence /. The values of £ determined in these two different ways ought to agree.
There would be no difficulty in obtaining a more exact solution, in which the decrement of the arc of oscillation should be taken into account in calculating the motion of the fluid, but I pass on to the problems, the solution of which forms the main object of this paper,
SECTION IL
Solution of the equations in the case of a sphere oscillating in a mass of fluid either unlimited, or confined by a spherical envelope concentric with the sphere in its position of equilibrium.
9. Suppose the sphere suspended by a fine wire, the length of which is much greater than the radius of the sphere. Neglect for the present the action of the wire on the fluid, and consider only that of the sphere. The motion of the sphere and wire being supposed to take place parallel to a fixed vertical plane, there are two different modes of oscillation possible. We have here nothing to do with the rapid oscillations which depend mainly on the rotatory inertia of the sphere, but only with the principal oscillations, which are those which are observed in pendulum experiments. In these principal oscillations the centre of the sphere describes a small arc of a curve which is very nearly a circle, and which would be rigorously such, if the line joining the centre of gravity of the sphere and the point of attachment of the wire were rigorously in the direction of the wire. In calculating the motion of the fluid, we may regard this arc as a right line. In fact, the error thus introduced would only be a small quantity of the second order, and such quantities are supposed to be neglected in the investigation. Besides its motion of translation, the sphere will have a motion of rotation about a horizontal axis, the angular motion of the sphere being very nearly the same as that of the suspending wire. This motion, which would produce absolutely no effect on the fluid according to the common theory of hydro-